Working with Make and Linker Script - Versionsgeschichte

Satyria: /* Explanation of the Linker Script */

2024-08-23T10:12:19Z

Explanation of the Linker Script

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 23. August 2024, 11:12 Uhr
Zeile 123:		Zeile 123:
	\| style="width: 33%;" \| [[Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5\|< Back (Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5)]]		\| style="width: 33%;" \| [[Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5\|< Back (Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5)]]
	\| style="width: 33%; text-align:center;" \| [[English\|< Home >]]		\| style="width: 33%; text-align:center;" \| [[English\|< Home >]]
	\| style="width: 33%; text-align:right;" \| [[Our First Program (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program (PI5) ~~Assembler~~) >]] <br /> [[Our First Program in C (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program in C (PI5)) >]]		\| style="width: 33%; text-align:right;" \| [[Our First Program (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program in Assembly (PI5)) >]] <br /> [[Our First Program in C (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program in C (PI5)) >]]
	\|}		\|}

Satyria: /* Explanation of the Linker Script */

2024-08-23T10:11:38Z

Explanation of the Linker Script

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 23. August 2024, 11:11 Uhr
Zeile 117:		Zeile 117:

	'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.		'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.
	{\|
	\|-		-----
	\| style="width: 33%; ~~text-align~~:~~left~~;" \| [[Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5\|< Back]] \|\| style="width: 33%" \|[[English\|^ Home]] \|\| style="width: 33%; text-align:right;" \| [[Our First Program (PI5)\|Next (Assembler) >]] <br /> [[Our First Program in C (PI5)\|Next (C) >]]
			{\| style="width: 100%;
			\| style="width: 33%;" \| [[Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5\|< Back (Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5)]]
			\| style="width: 33%; text-align:center;" \| [[English\|< Home >]]
			\| style="width: 33%; text-align:right;" \| [[Our First Program (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program (PI5) Assembler) >]] <br /> [[Our First Program in C (PI5)\|Next (Our First Program in C (PI5)) >]]
	\|}		\|}

Satyria: /* Explanation of the Linker Script */

2024-08-22T07:25:04Z

Explanation of the Linker Script

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 22. August 2024, 08:25 Uhr
Zeile 117:		Zeile 117:

	'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.		'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.
			{\|
			\|-
			\| style="width: 33%; text-align:left;" \| [[Running the Program on the Raspberry Pi 5\|< Back]] \|\| style="width: 33%" \|[[English\|^ Home]] \|\| style="width: 33%; text-align:right;" \| [[Our First Program (PI5)\|Next (Assembler) >]] <br /> [[Our First Program in C (PI5)\|Next (C) >]]
			\|}

Satyria: /* The Linker Script */

2024-08-12T11:37:03Z

The Linker Script

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 12. August 2024, 12:37 Uhr
Zeile 76:		Zeile 76:
	SECTIONS		SECTIONS
	{		{
	.init : {		.init : {
	(.init)		*(.init)
	}		}
	.text : {		.text : {
	(.text)		(.text)
	_etext = .;		_etext = .;
	}		}
	.rodata : {		.rodata : {
	(.rodata)		(.rodata)
	}		}
	.init_array : {		.init_array : {
	__init_start = .;		__init_start = .;
	KEEP((.init_array*))		KEEP((.init_array))
	__init_end = .;		__init_end = .;
	}		}
	.ARM.exidx : {		.ARM.exidx : {
	__exidx_start = .;		__exidx_start = .;
	(.ARM.exidx)		(.ARM.exidx)
	__exidx_end = .;		__exidx_end = .;
	}		}
	.eh_frame : {		.eh_frame : {
	(.eh_frame)		(.eh_frame)
	}		}
	.data : {		.data : {
	(.data)		(.data)
	}		}
	.bss : {		.bss : {
	__bss_start = .;		__bss_start = .;
	(.bss)		(.bss)
	*(COMMON)		*(COMMON)
	__bss_end = .;		__bss_end = .;
	}		}
	}		}
	__bss_size = (__bss_end - __bss_start) >> 3;		__bss_size = (__bss_end - __bss_start) >> 3;
	</syntaxhighlight>		</syntaxhighlight>
	Name this file "linker.ld".		Name this file "linker.ld".

	=== Explanation of the Linker Script ===		=== Explanation of the Linker Script ===
	'''ENTRY(_start)''': Defines the entry point of the program.		'''ENTRY(_start)''': Defines the entry point of the program.

	'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.		'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.

Satyria: /* Creating a Makefile */

2024-08-12T11:35:54Z

Creating a Makefile

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 12. August 2024, 12:35 Uhr
Zeile 12:		Zeile 12:
	LOADADDR = 0x80000		LOADADDR = 0x80000

	GCCFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -O0 -ffreestanding		GCCFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -O0 -ffreestanding \
	-nostartfiles -nostdlib -nostdinc -g -I ./include		-nostartfiles -nostdlib -nostdinc -g -I ./include

	AFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -I ./include -O0 -g		AFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -I ./include -O0 -g

	CFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char -ffreestanding -g		CFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char -ffreestanding -g \
	-I ./include -O0 -fno-exceptions		-I ./include -O0 -fno-exceptions

	CPPFLAGS = -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -nostdinc++ -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char		CPPFLAGS = -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -nostdinc++ -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char \
	-ffreestanding -g -I ./include -O0 -mstrict-align -std=c++14 -Wno-aligned-new		-ffreestanding -g -I ./include -O0 -mstrict-align -std=c++14 -Wno-aligned-new

	all: clean new kernel_2712.img		all: clean new kernel_2712.img

	%.o: %.S		%.o: %.S
	@echo "as $@"		@echo "as $@"
	@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(AFLAGS) -c $< -o $@		@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(AFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

	%.o: %.c		%.o: %.c
	@echo "gcc $@"		@echo "gcc $@"
	@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@		@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

	%.o: %.cpp		%.o: %.cpp
	@echo "g++ $@"		@echo "g++ $@"
	@aarch64-none-elf-g++ $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@		@aarch64-none-elf-g++ $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

	kernel_2712.img: $(AllOBJS)		kernel_2712.img: $(AllOBJS)
	@echo "============================================================================="		@echo "============================================================================="
	@echo "Linking..."		@echo "Linking..."
	@aarch64-none-elf-ld -o kernel_2712.elf -Map kernel_2712.map -nostdlib		@aarch64-none-elf-ld -o kernel_2712.elf -Map kernel_2712.map -nostdlib \
	--section-start=.init=$(LOADADDR) --no-warn-rwx-segments		--section-start=.init=$(LOADADDR) --no-warn-rwx-segments \
	-g -T linker.ld $(AllOBJS)		-g -T linker.ld $(AllOBJS)
	aarch64-none-elf-objcopy -O binary kernel_2712.elf kernel_2712.img		aarch64-none-elf-objcopy -O binary kernel_2712.elf kernel_2712.img

	clean:		clean:
	/bin/rm -f kernel_2712.elf .o .img > /dev/null 2> /dev/null \|\| true		/bin/rm -f kernel_2712.elf .o .img > /dev/null 2> /dev/null \|\| true

	new:		new:
	/bin/clear		/bin/clear
	</syntaxhighlight>		</syntaxhighlight>

Satyria: /* Creating a Makefile */

2024-08-12T11:34:33Z

Creating a Makefile

← Nächstältere Version		Version vom 12. August 2024, 12:34 Uhr
Zeile 2:		Zeile 2:
	=== Creating a Makefile ===		=== Creating a Makefile ===
	A Makefile helps us automate the build process and keep track of our files. Here is an example Makefile:		A Makefile helps us automate the build process and keep track of our files. Here is an example Makefile:
	<syntaxhighlight lang="~~shell~~">		<syntaxhighlight lang="Makefile">
	CSRCS := $(wildcard *.c)		CSRCS := $(wildcard *.c)
	CPPSRCS := $(wildcard *.cpp)		CPPSRCS := $(wildcard *.cpp)
Zeile 51:		Zeile 51:
	/bin/clear		/bin/clear
	</syntaxhighlight>		</syntaxhighlight>

	=== Explanation of the Makefile ===		=== Explanation of the Makefile ===
	'''Defining Variables''': The first lines of the Makefile define variables containing the source files (C, C++, and Assembly) and their object files.		'''Defining Variables''': The first lines of the Makefile define variables containing the source files (C, C++, and Assembly) and their object files.

Satyria: Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „In this section, we will learn how to develop an operating system on the Raspberry Pi 5 by creating multiple source files and linking them with a linker. We will also use a Makefile to automate the build process. Additionally, we will cover C and C++. === Creating a Makefile === A Makefile helps us automate the build process and keep track of our files. Here is an example Makefile: CSRCS := $(wildcard *.c) CPPSRCS := $(wildc…“

2024-07-06T18:32:28Z

Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „In this section, we will learn how to develop an operating system on the Raspberry Pi 5 by creating multiple source files and linking them with a linker. We will also use a Makefile to automate the build process. Additionally, we will cover C and C++. === Creating a Makefile === A Makefile helps us automate the build process and keep track of our files. Here is an example Makefile: <syntaxhighlight lang="shell"> CSRCS := $(wildcard *.c) CPPSRCS := $(wildc…“

Neue Seite

In this section, we will learn how to develop an operating system on the Raspberry Pi 5 by creating multiple source files and linking them with a linker. We will also use a Makefile to automate the build process. Additionally, we will cover C and C++.
=== Creating a Makefile ===
A Makefile helps us automate the build process and keep track of our files. Here is an example Makefile:
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">
CSRCS := $(wildcard *.c)
CPPSRCS := $(wildcard *.cpp)
ASRCS := $(wildcard *.S)
COBJS := $(CSRCS:.c=.o)
CPPOBJS := $(CPPSRCS:.cpp=.o)
AOBJS := $(ASRCS:.S=.o)
AllOBJS := $(COBJS) $(CPPOBJS) $(AOBJS)
LOADADDR = 0x80000

GCCFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -O0 -ffreestanding
-nostartfiles -nostdlib -nostdinc -g -I ./include

AFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -I ./include -O0 -g

CFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char -ffreestanding -g
-I ./include -O0 -fno-exceptions

CPPFLAGS = -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -nostdinc++ -mcpu=cortex-a76 -mlittle-endian -Wall -fsigned-char
-ffreestanding -g -I ./include -O0 -mstrict-align -std=c++14 -Wno-aligned-new

all: clean new kernel_2712.img

%.o: %.S
@echo "as $@"
@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(AFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

%.o: %.c
@echo "gcc $@"
@aarch64-none-elf-gcc $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

%.o: %.cpp
@echo "g++ $@"
@aarch64-none-elf-g++ $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

kernel_2712.img: $(AllOBJS)
@echo "============================================================================="
@echo "Linking..."
@aarch64-none-elf-ld -o kernel_2712.elf -Map kernel_2712.map -nostdlib
--section-start=.init=$(LOADADDR) --no-warn-rwx-segments
-g -T linker.ld $(AllOBJS)
aarch64-none-elf-objcopy -O binary kernel_2712.elf kernel_2712.img

clean:
/bin/rm -f kernel_2712.elf *.o *.img > /dev/null 2> /dev/null || true

new:
/bin/clear
</syntaxhighlight>
=== Explanation of the Makefile ===
'''Defining Variables''': The first lines of the Makefile define variables containing the source files (C, C++, and Assembly) and their object files.

'''Compiler Flags''': The flags "GCCFLAGS", "AFLAGS", "CFLAGS", and "CPPFLAGS" contain the compiler options for the various file types.

''Build Targets'':

'''all''': This target deletes old files (clean), clears the screen (new), and builds the kernel (kernel_2712.img).

'''%.o: %.S, %.o: %.c, %.o: %.cpp''': These rules define how to compile Assembly, C, and C++ source code into object files.

'''kernel_2712.img''': This target links all object files and creates the final binary file kernel_2712.img.

'''clean''': Deletes all generated files.

'''new''': Clears the screen.

=== The Linker Script ===
A linker script determines how the linker arranges the various sections of the program in memory. Here is an example of a linker script:
<syntaxhighlight lang="shell">
ENTRY(_start)

SECTIONS
{
.init : {
(.init)
}
.text : {
(.text)
_etext = .;
}
.rodata : {
(.rodata)
}
.init_array : {
__init_start = .;
KEEP((.init_array*))
__init_end = .;
}
.ARM.exidx : {
__exidx_start = .;
(.ARM.exidx)
__exidx_end = .;
}
.eh_frame : {
(.eh_frame)
}
.data : {
(.data)
}
.bss : {
__bss_start = .;
(.bss)
*(COMMON)
__bss_end = .;
}
}
__bss_size = (__bss_end - __bss_start) >> 3;
</syntaxhighlight>
Name this file "linker.ld".
=== Explanation of the Linker Script ===
'''ENTRY(_start)''': Defines the entry point of the program.

'''SECTIONS''': Defines the various sections of the program and their memory locations.